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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee lover, you likely already know that different beans produce varying flavor profiles. Learn about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a type Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity and more tart flavor profile and are often added to blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans account for 75% of global production. Arabica beans are milder and have a sweeter flavor than Robusta and are available in a variety of flavor profiles. The aroma and taste of coffee is affected by the conditions under which it is grown as well as the processing methods used.

The word "coffee beans in bulk" originates from the Arabic word meaning the berry. coffee bean shop beans are actually seeds that grow within bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats became stimulated after eating these fruits, and the cultivation of coffee soon was a global phenomenon.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes and are in a position to thrive when exposed to cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the main reasons why Arabica is regarded as the best-tasting type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on sourcing their arabica beans ethically by focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable growing practices. These companies typically blend arabica beans to make unique coffees that are well-suited for many brewing methods. Blending gives you control over the flavour, aroma, body, and acidity of the coffee. It is frequently preferred to create an even and consistent taste that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean grown across the globe. They have more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acid, which are antioxidants found naturally. However, these acids may cause oxidation during the coffee brewing process and can cause undesirable flavors.

The plant is more resilient than the arabica, and can grow in less favorable conditions. It is tolerant of warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a more cost-effective crop to grow.

While it might seem contradictory it's true that Robusta beans are often blended with arabica beans to create coffee blends. If you see the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya on a bag of coffee and you can be sure that there's some Robusta in there as well.

While some roasters exclusively use arabica beans but the majority do mix the two varieties in order to cut costs and maintain quality. To preserve the quality of the flavor, it is essential to select a premium coffee beans bean from a source that you can trust. The best way to achieve this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football shaped, which makes them distinct from other types of coffee beans. They are characterized by a smell that is floral, fruity and smokey. They are often added to other types of coffee beans to give them a deeper and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They can grow in low altitudes and can withstand humid, hot climates. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal for home cultivation. You can purchase seeds on the internet from a variety of sources, but it is recommended to purchase from local producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee are fertile deep volcano soils with moderately acidic and adequate annual rainfall.

Excelsa is another type of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a distinct species, but has now been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are oval-shaped and grow on large coffee plants, which can grow to 20 to 30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. Their unique taste is both tart and sour, which makes them a popular choice for house blends. They have a more subtle aroma and caffeine content that is less than Arabica or Robusta but they do have a distinctive depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most popular type of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't as readily available as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually regarded as an entirely different species of coffee up until 2006, when they were reclassified to become a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. Today, they're grown mainly in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. The coffee beans are shaped in the shape of a teardrop and possess a dark, mysterious taste. They are typically utilized to give blends extra body and a rich tart taste of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are by far the most sought-after and are renowned for their sweeter flavor. They thrive at high altitudes and are able to thrive in warm, tropical climates. They also have a little of acidity. If brewed correctly and roast they can be a bit sweet with hints of nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most-loved coffee in the world, and makes up around 40% of the coffee beans for sale consumed globally. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder however, they contain twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have earthy and woody overtones.

Now that you've learned the four most widely used varieties of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select your perfect brew. If you're looking for a smooth and delicate taste, go for an arabica bean or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.